Grains are small, hard, dry seeds of cereal grasses like wheat, rice, and corn, and are a global staple food, providing essential carbohydrates, proteins, and fiber. They consist of the bran, germ, and endosperm, with whole grains retaining all three parts, while refined grains have the bran and germ removed for a finer texture and longer shelf life. Common types include cereals (wheat, rice, oats), pseudo cereals (quinoa, buckwheat), and sometimes legumes are included in the broader category of grain crops.
